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The impact of unemployment on economic development in the Visegrad group (V4) countries
Phan, Sreypech
This study has attempted to scrutinize the impact of unemployment on economic development in the Visegrad (V4) countries comprising the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia, using time series data obtained from the World Development Indicators over a 29-year period from 1993 to 2021. This study has employed the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique for empirical investigation. GDP growth rate is a dependent variable employed as a proxy for economic development. In the present study, the explanatory variables are unemployment, inflation, and the labor force. The empirical findings indicate that the long-term relationship between economic growth and various independent variables differs significantly across four countries. In the Czech Republic, inflation and unemployment negatively affect economic growth in the long run. In Hungary, unemployment has a strong negative impact on economic growth, while the effect of inflation and the labor force on GDP is uncertain. In Poland, the labor force has a positive impact on GDP, while unemployment has a negative impact. In Slovakia, only the labor force has a negative impact on GDP in the long run. In the short run, the study found that unemployment had a significant negative impact on GDP in all four countries, while labor force and inflation had significant positive and negative effects, respectively, only in the Czech Republic and Poland. Additionally, the lagged values of unemployment had significant effects on current GDP in the Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia. The findings suggest that unemployment is an important determinant of economic growth in the short term in all four countries, while the impact of labor force and inflation on GDP is less clear, as they only have significant effects in some countries. The study provides insights into the determinants of economic growth in four Central European countries and highlights the importance of the unemployment rate as a short-term determinant of economic growth in all four countries. The study's findings suggest that policymakers in these countries should prioritize policies aimed at reducing unemployment to promote economic growth. Additionally, the study's findings can be valuable to researchers and policymakers seeking to understand the economic dynamics of Central European countries and design effective policies to promote economic growth.
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Mzdový systém v zemích V4
Šestáková, Petra
Šestáková, P. Wage system in the V4 countries. Bachelor thesis. Brno: Mendel Uni-versity in Brno, 2023. This bachelor thesis deals with indicators related to the wage system, specifically with the minimum and median wage and the average old-age pension. These indi-cators are compared based on their ratios to the average wage in the V4 countries, which are then compared with Germany. The first part of the paper describes the different minimum wage and old-age pen-sion systems in the V4 countries. In the second part, data from 2006 to 2019 are presented. By using a correlation matrix, dependencies between countries were identified and subsequently described in detail. Additionally, the countries are compared with the developed EU, represented by Germany. In the last section, the minimum wage is compared to the price level of goods and services and then to the price level of electricity for households.
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Effectiveness Of Public Procurement In The Czech Republic
SMUTNÍKOVÁ, Kristýna
This diploma thesis deals with the topic of the public procurement effectiveness in the Czech republic. Main goal of this thesis is to determine the effectiveness by using selected indicators such as transparency indicator, potential risk indicator, administrative capacity indicator. From indices of mentioned indicators, the arithmetic average score was calculated, which implicate index of good procurement. According to the final index is efficiency assessed within the comparison among states in Visegrad Group. To determine the results, a detailed analysis and visualization of data was used in PowerBI program which offers business intelligence functionality. At the very end of this thesis, conclusion and specific steps are formulated. These steps could increase the effectiveness of public procurement in the Czech republic.
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Current diversification scenarios of the Russian Federation on one side and the V4 countries on the other with respect to the interdependence theory
Záhradníková, Lea ; Holubcová, Jitka (advisor) ; Kučerová, Irah (referee)
The thesis focuses on current diversification scenarios in the field of gas supply the Visegrad Group (V4) and the Russian Federation relying on the model of asymmetrical interdependence. Russian Federation, the main supplier of natural gas to this region, has lost its status of a reliable partner due to the gas wars with Ukraine in 2006 and 2009, which have negatively affected the supply of natural gas to the EU countries. The research focuses on the current diversification options of V4 countries related to their suppliers and supply routes with respect to their relationship with the Russian Federation; the diversification options for the purchasing markets of the Russian Federation are also analyzed. The author validates the hypothesis that energy relations among the Visegrad countries and the Russian Federation in the field of gas supply are largely controlled by the asymmetric interdependence that is currently exacerbating tensions among the set actors. Current diversification scenarios are presented and evaluated, with the aim of assessing the importance of the projects with regard to actors' energy security. Keywords: interdependence, energy security, diversification, gas supply, gas interconnector, V4, Energy Union, Russian Federation, Nord Stream II, LNG
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The Establishment and Development of Asylum Policies in East Central Europe
Hoffstädt, Jord Malte ; Vykoukal, Jiří (advisor) ; Najšlová, Lucia (referee)
In the light of the current refugee crisis in the European Union, and the remarkably critical stance the East Central European states are taking in Brussels, this research contributes to a broader understanding of the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and Poland's policies towards refugees. By scrutinizing the process of developing refugee policies during the 1990s and 2000s, the research will demonstrate that the countries united in the V4 platform in their first years of transition generously contributed to international refugee protection. Steep increase of asylum applicants and negotiation talks with the EU in the late 1990s brought various changes to the refugee policies in the region, marked by more closely defining and the enhancing of asylum seekers' and recognized refugees' rights, but also by lower refugee recognition rates. Accession to the European Union ultimately resulted in more complete and comprehensive asylum policies in line with the Common European Asylum System (CEAS). However, the V4 states maintained rather restrictive interpretations of the European policy, explained by the pressure the CEAS places on the states at the EU's external border and lower economic capacity to accommodate large numbers of refugees. Recent developments are mostly the result of political exploitation...
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Udržitelná zaměstnanost v zemích V4 pro věkovou kategorii pracovníků 50+
Píchová, Kateřina
Aging population is a contamporary demographic situation of Europe, which has an impact on the efectivity of the labor market and threatens currently set social and economical system. This diploma thesis explores the concept of sustainable employment, which is one of the solutions of unstable labor markets due to aging workers. The sustainable employment is investigated in the V4 countries. The thesis is based on the secondary data from the European Working Condition Survey (EWCS) 2015. Exploring the EWCS 2015 data, 5 factors of sustainable employment for workers from the 50+ age group are determined. Those are: expressive dimension of work, supporting institutions, working conditions, socioeconomic conditions and work-life balance. Moreover, working conditions for the workers from the 50+ age group in the V4 countries are compared to results for the E28. Namely, 8 areas are investigated - satisfaction with working conditions, work-life balance, age discrimination, the threat of losing job, the difficulty of getting another job, the attitude to remaining at work and the health of workers.
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Provázanost vývoje akciových trhů a výkonnosti ekonomik států V4
Kubíček, Michal
The aim of the thesis is to verify the interdependence of stock markets with the development of the national economies of the V4 countries and on basis of the established links, to assess possible forecasting of the future development of GDP and the development of V4 stock markets. Literary overview of the diploma thesis describes the economic development of the V4 countries with a focus on the eco-nomic indicator of GDP, the critism of the GDP indicator and its possible alternati-ves measuring the efficiency of the economy. In addition, there are described indi-vial stock exchanges of V4 countries, theory of efficient markets together with possible anomalies in the financial markets. The last part of the literky review contains previously Publisher studies dealing with the issue. The work itself is dividend into main parts, namely the correlation analysis and the compilation of VAR models according to which the direction of the relationship will be tested within Granger causality.
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Dynamika bankovních úvěrů a vkladů v zemích Visegrádské čtyřky
Bubeníčková, Petra
BUBENÍČKOVÁ, P. Dynamics of Bank Loans and Deposits in the Visegrad Countries. Diploma thesis. Brno: Mendel University, 2018. This diploma thesis examines the influence of macroeconomic factors on the total volume of loans and deposits in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland and Hungary between 2004 and 2017. The empirical analysis uses multiple regression model of time series where all variables are in the form of relative year-on-year changes.
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Vliv regulačních požadavků na bilanční strukturu vybraných skupin bank v zemích V4
Malovaná, Petra
The subject of this diploma thesis is to carry out the analysis of banking regula-tion on minimum requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities (MREL) and based on this analysis to identify possible impacts on the balance structure of se-lected groups of banks in V4 countries. The main reasons for creating the MREL regulation are defined in the thesis. Furthermore, the thesis describes the devel-opment of banking regulations in connection with the events on the world mar-kets and the expected impacts on the banking sectors of the V4 countries. Based on the data from the annual reports of the selected banks, it is assessed whether the selected banks and their groups have the required amount of regulatory capi-tal.
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